Computers

A computer is an electronic device that processes data according to a set of instructions, typically called a program. At its core, a computer takes input, processes it, and produces output.

Main Functions of a Computer:

1. Input – Receiving data (e.g., via keyboard, mouse, or sensors)

2. Processing – Performing operations on the data using the CPU (Central Processing Unit)

3. Storage – Saving data temporarily (RAM) or permanently (hard drive or SSD)

4. Output – Delivering results (e.g., displaying text on a screen, printing a document)

Types of Computers:

• Personal computers (PCs) – Laptops, desktops

• Servers – Handle requests and data for other computers

• Supercomputers – Perform complex calculations at extremely high speeds

• Embedded systems – Computers inside other devices (like in cars, microwaves, or smart TVs)

Basic Parts of a Computer:

1. Central Processing Unit (CPU) – The "brain" that performs calculations and runs programs.

2. Memory (RAM) – Short-term memory that holds data while the computer is on.

3. Storage – Long-term memory (like hard drives or SSDs) where files and programs are saved.

4. Input Devices – Like keyboards, mice, or touchscreens.

5. Output Devices – Like monitors, printers, or speakers.

6. Motherboard – The main circuit board that connects everything.

What Computers Do:

• Accept input (like a mouse click or text typed)

• Process that input (with logic or math)

• Store the result (temporarily or permanently)

• Output something useful (like a result on the screen)

They can be as small as a smartwatch or as large as a building-sized supercomputer.